Course Code: BCA-402
Course Name: Operating System
UNIT-I: Introduction
What is an operating system?
- a) A hardware component
- b) A system software that manages hardware and software resources
- c) An application software
- d) A programming language
- Answer: b) A system software that manages hardware and software resources
Which of the following is a characteristic of simple batch systems?
- a) Real-time processing
- b) Interactive processing
- c) Jobs are processed in batches without user interaction
- d) Distributed processing
- Answer: c) Jobs are processed in batches without user interaction
Multi-programmed batch systems are designed to:
- a) Handle one task at a time
- b) Improve CPU utilization by running multiple programs simultaneously
- c) Execute programs in a sequential manner
- d) Only manage system files
- Answer: b) Improve CPU utilization by running multiple programs simultaneously
Time-sharing systems are characterized by:
- a) Batch processing
- b) Real-time processing
- c) Allowing multiple users to interact with the computer at the same time
- d) Single-user processing
- Answer: c) Allowing multiple users to interact with the computer at the same time
Which type of operating system is designed to serve multiple users at the same time?
- a) Real-time system
- b) Personal computer system
- c) Time-sharing system
- d) Simple batch system
- Answer: c) Time-sharing system
Real-time systems are mainly used in:
- a) Personal computers
- b) Systems where immediate processing is required
- c) Batch processing environments
- d) Time-sharing environments
- Answer: b) Systems where immediate processing is required
Memory Management
Logical address space and physical address space are:
- a) Always the same
- b) Different for each process
- c) Same for all processes
- d) Irrelevant in memory management
- Answer: b) Different for each process
Swapping in memory management refers to:
- a) Moving processes between main memory and secondary storage
- b) Changing the CPU scheduling algorithm
- c) Replacing one process with another
- d) Allocating contiguous memory blocks
- Answer: a) Moving processes between main memory and secondary storage
Paging in memory management is used to:
- a) Allocate contiguous memory
- b) Divide the memory into fixed-sized blocks
- c) Execute processes in a sequential manner
- d) Manage secondary storage
- Answer: b) Divide the memory into fixed-sized blocks
Segmentation in memory management involves:
- a) Fixed-size memory blocks
- b) Variable-size memory segments
- c) Only allocating contiguous memory
- d) Ignoring logical address space
- Answer: b) Variable-size memory segments
Virtual Memory
Demand paging is a concept used in:
- a) Swapping
- b) Real-time systems
- c) Loading pages into memory only when needed
- d) Allocating contiguous memory
- Answer: c) Loading pages into memory only when needed
Which of the following is a page replacement algorithm?
- a) Round Robin
- b) FIFO (First In First Out)
- c) Priority Scheduling
- d) Time Sharing
- Answer: b) FIFO (First In First Out)
Thrashing occurs when:
- a) CPU utilization is maximized
- b) A process spends more time paging than executing
- c) Processes are swapped out frequently
- d) Memory is fragmented
- Answer: b) A process spends more time paging than executing
UNIT-II: Processes
A process in an operating system is defined as:
- a) A program in execution
- b) A static set of instructions
- c) An input/output operation
- d) A memory block
- Answer: a) A program in execution
Process scheduling is used to:
- a) Allocate memory to processes
- b) Manage the execution of processes
- c) Store process states
- d) Perform input/output operations
- Answer: b) Manage the execution of processes
Which scheduling algorithm is based on the concept of time slices?
- a) First Come First Serve (FCFS)
- b) Shortest Job Next (SJN)
- c) Round Robin (RR)
- d) Priority Scheduling
- Answer: c) Round Robin (RR)
In a multiprocessor system, CPU scheduling is:
- a) Not necessary
- b) Simplified due to multiple CPUs
- c) More complex due to the need for load balancing
- d) Unrelated to performance
- Answer: c) More complex due to the need for load balancing
Process Synchronization
The critical section problem in process synchronization deals with:
- a) Allocating memory
- b) Ensuring mutual exclusion for process access to shared resources
- c) Scheduling CPU time
- d) Managing I/O devices
- Answer: b) Ensuring mutual exclusion for process access to shared resources
Semaphores are used for:
- a) Memory management
- b) Synchronizing processes
- c) CPU scheduling
- d) Device management
- Answer: b) Synchronizing processes
Which classical problem is associated with process synchronization?
- a) The Producer-Consumer problem
- b) The Paging problem
- c) The Scheduling problem
- d) The Fragmentation problem
- Answer: a) The Producer-Consumer problem
UNIT-III: Deadlocks
A deadlock in an operating system refers to:
- a) A situation where processes are stuck in a waiting state
- b) Efficient memory utilization
- c) High CPU utilization
- d) Real-time processing
- Answer: a) A situation where processes are stuck in a waiting state
Deadlock prevention can be achieved by:
- a) Ignoring the deadlock
- b) Ensuring at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock cannot hold
- c) Killing processes randomly
- d) Restarting the operating system
- Answer: b) Ensuring at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock cannot hold
Which method is used for deadlock avoidance?
- a) Resource Allocation Graph (RAG)
- b) Round Robin Scheduling
- c) Paging
- d) Segmentation
- Answer: a) Resource Allocation Graph (RAG)
Deadlock detection involves:
- a) Scheduling processes
- b) Finding cycles in a resource allocation graph
- c) Memory allocation
- d) Input/output management
- Answer: b) Finding cycles in a resource allocation graph
Recovery from deadlock can be done by:
- a) Ignoring it
- b) Preempting resources
- c) Swapping
- d) Paging
- Answer: b) Preempting resources
UNIT-IV: Device Management
Device management techniques include:
- a) Only managing secondary storage
- b) Allocating and managing I/O devices
- c) Only managing primary storage
- d) Ignoring input/output devices
- Answer: b) Allocating and managing I/O devices
Dedicated devices are:
- a) Shared among multiple users
- b) Reserved for a single user or application
- c) Always virtual devices
- d) Used for storage only
- Answer: b) Reserved for a single user or application
Virtual devices are:
- a) Physical devices
- b) Simulated by software
- c) Always dedicated
- d) Only used in networking
- Answer: b) Simulated by software
Which of the following is an input device?
- a) Printer
- b) Monitor
- c) Keyboard
- d) Hard drive
- Answer: c) Keyboard
Buffering in device management is used to:
- a) Speed up processing
- b) Manage temporary storage of data during transfer
- c) Allocate memory
- d) Schedule CPU
- Answer: b) Manage temporary storage of data during transfer
Disk scheduling is used to:
- a) Manage CPU time
- b) Optimize disk access time
- c) Allocate memory
- d) Manage input/output devices
- Answer: b) Optimize disk access time
Swap-space management refers to:
- a) Managing temporary storage on disk used for swapping
- b) Allocating CPU cycles
- c) Memory segmentation
- d) Disk fragmentation
- Answer: a) Managing temporary storage on disk used for swapping
UNIT-V: Information Management
A simple file system typically includes:
- a) Only a basic directory structure
- b) Mechanisms for data storage and retrieval
- c) Complex database functionalities
- d) Only a user interface
- Answer: b) Mechanisms for data storage and retrieval
In a general model of a file system, the basic file system is responsible for:
- a) User interface
- b) Physical data storage and retrieval
- c) Network communication
- d) Memory allocation
- Answer: b) Physical data storage and retrieval
Access control verification in a file system ensures:
- a) Efficient memory management
- b) User permissions are checked before access
- c) Faster data retrieval
- d) Only system processes can access files
- Answer: b) User permissions are checked before access
The logical file system manages:
- a) Hardware interactions
- b) File metadata and directory structure
- c) Physical disk layout
- d) Network communications
- Answer: b) File metadata and directory structure
File concepts in an operating system include:
- a) Processes only
- b) File attributes, operations, and structure
- c) Only hardware management
- d) Only user interfaces
- Answer: b) File attributes, operations, and structure
Which access method involves reading records in order?
- a) Sequential access
- b) Direct access
- c) Indexed access
- d) Random access
- Answer: a) Sequential access
Directory structure in a file system is used to:
- a) Manage memory allocation
- b) Organize files and directories
- c) Handle network communication
- d) Schedule CPU time
- Answer: b) Organize files and directories
Consistency semantics in a file system ensure:
- a) Efficient CPU scheduling
- b) Uniform and predictable behavior of file operations
- c) Faster disk access
- d) Only sequential file access
- Answer: b) Uniform and predictable behavior of file operations
File system implementation involves:
- a) Creating a simple user interface
- b) Defining data structures and algorithms for file storage and retrieval
- c) Scheduling processes
- d) Managing CPU allocation
- Answer: b) Defining data structures and algorithms for file storage and retrieval
Free-space management in a file system is responsible for:
- a) Allocating memory to processes
- b) Keeping track of unallocated disk space
- c) Network communication
- d) File access control
- Answer: b) Keeping track of unallocated disk space
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